Essay on “Components of Logistics Management”

Essay on â€Å"Components of Logistics Management† Table of Contents Customer Order Processing 4 ICT system 4 Benefits and challenges of the system 4 Location Analysis 5 ICT system 5 Benefits and challenges of the system 5 Inventory Control 6 ICT system 6 Benefits and challenges of the system 7 Material Handling 7 ICT system 8 Benefits and challenges of the system 8 Packaging 8 ICT system 9 Benefits and challenges of the system 9 Transportation 10 ICT system 10 Benefits and challenges of the system 11 Warehousing 11 ICT system 12 Benefits and challenges of the system 12 Customer Service 12 ICT system 13 Benefits and challenges of the system 13 Bibliography 14 Customer Order Processing Customer order processing is the most significant component of logistics and operations management. This is because the component aids in attracting customers and comprehending their desires, as well as crosschecking on the availability of what they need. The process involves filling of an order form, which outlines product specification, delivery schedule and location, and quality checklist of the product. As such, this component deserves extensive consideration of the cost to be incurred, specification lists, and the ability of the company to provide the required product by the customer. In addition, the component aids in comprehending different needs of customer and ensuring that the company has the necessary resources of satisfying such needs. Ineffective customer order processing results in a reduction of the sale output of the company and overall failure of the logistics and operation management. Therefore, this component should be effective and run efficiently. ICT system The most significant ICT system for this component is the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). EDI provides a platform for business organizations and individuals to exchange business documents through the use of computers (Covalent Works 2012). This technology acts as a replacement of the common mailing and faxing of paper documents. EDI documents are in the form of record formats in computers, which are accepted as standards for the company. Benefits and challenges of the system One of the benefits of EDI system is that it enables effective exchange of information via the computer, which is a less expensive means of handling business documents. Further, the technology demands less labor time, business transactions occur fast, and minor errors occur since computer systems are used in the processing of documents. Inventory levels reduce, freight costs reduce, and warehouse space is used effectively. Unfortunately, EDI has a drawback in that business organizations, which have to adopt the technology, have to ensure that they have adequate resources, which will ensure effective running and operation of the EDI system. This indicates that business organizations may have to hire or outsource these resources, which increases the capital base for the organization. Location Analysis Location analysis is a component of logistics and operations management, which aids in establishing the suitability of a location to running the supply of organization products. This component is essential since it aids in determining the taxation and government regulation measures, which may hinder the business from attaining its desired success as it runs its business activities within a given locality. Further, the component presents an opportunity of determination of the available resources, which will facilitate effective movement of goods to and fro the organization. This includes the consideration of proximity to suppliers and customers. This is essential in order to determine the cost of the supply chain, as well as ensuring that the supply chain incurs minimal costs. In addition, this component is critical since it aids in determining the shelf life of various products and ensuring that the operation costs of the organization is minimal. This contributes towards increasing the revenues, which an organization earns from running its business activities. ICT system The technology, which suits this component, is the statistical computerized methods and artificial neural networks (ANN). Multiple linear regressions and generalized regressions and ANN are effective methods of determining the shelf life of products (Goyal 2012). Benefits and challenges of the system The benefit of this technology is that it aids the logistics and operations management to predict shelf life of its products in an effective manner. This creates room for this component to ensure timely delivery, so that the organization does not incur any loss as result of decline in shelf life of a product. This is because shelf life of a product is highly associated with the quality of a product. Unfortunately, the technology has inherent challenges, which include the demand for experts who are able to develop the prediction models and programs of product shelf life. This is essential since poor development of the models and programs may result in poor prediction of shelf life, which has a consequence of contributing towards attainment of a loss in an organization. Inventory Control Inventory control is a valuable component of the logistics and operations management. This is because this component focuses on ensuring that the correct product or material is obtained and delivered to the customer with respect to customer specifications. The component further focuses on analysis of the inventory process, so that quality and quantity and timing elements for the materials are obtained in an effective manner. As such, this component is significant in ensuring that the lead-time for the logistics and operations management is attained. This includes control of the inventory during the planning stage and considering both the significance of the raw materials and their costs. Therefore, organizations have to ensure that they have an effective and efficient inventory control system, which has the ability of ensuring that quality and quantity of materials is maintained throughout in an effective manner. ICT system The suitable ICT system for this component is the Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) and replenishment order control. This technology creates a room for the logistics and operations management to ensure that movement of goods from one store to another is effective (Manuj, and Mentzer 2008). Moreover, DRP facilitates in adding efficiency to distribution of goods among warehouses. Benefits and challenges of the system The benefits of this technology are that it contributes towards lowering the average of stocks, in this component. Further, the technology creates a room for automatic replenishment of the stock irrespective of the fluctuations trends in demand of products. In addition, the technology is suitable for types of inventories, which may be existing in a particular organization. However, the technology has a limitation in that several items or products may attain re-order level at a single time; a situation, which may lead to overloading of the re-ordering system. Moreover, a set sequence does not exist since items are available for re-ordering in a random manner. Finally, some instances may emerge in which variable demand may exist, which may limit the ability of the re-ordering process to attain the desired success due to errors of EOQ calculations. Material Handling Material handling is an essential component of the logistics and operations management. This is because poor handling of materials may result in damages and breakages and consequently, losses on the materials. This indicates that this component has to take into consideration of various factors, which include the number of handlings for each product, material breakage, and cost of handling such materials among others. However, these are dependent on the type of material to be handled, available resources for handling materials, and material traceability, identification, and location. Logistics and operations management cannot attain success if its material handling component is not effective and efficient. This is because as materials moves in and out of the organization, they have to be handled in an effective manner in order to ensure that quality of the materials remains intact and no losses are experienced. ICT system Considering the significance of this component in an organization, the most suitable technology would be the advanced storage and retrieval system (ASRS). According to Wise Geek (2012), ASRS is a system, which relies heavily on robotics and computers for its operations. Benefits and challenges of the system ASRS accrues several benefits to an organization, which include the improvement of the inventory tracking and management, reduction of time loss, cost saving, and effective use of the storage space in the organization. This aids in improving the performance of the logistics and operations management of an organization. Furthermore, ASRS contributes towards reduction in the number of personnel who are involved in handling of the various activities in an organization. This saves the organization labor cost and improves the overall performance of the organization. However, like other technological systems, ASRS has inherent limitations, which include the demand for continues maintenance and inspection. This calls for addition cost to an organization since it will have to hire mechanics and experts who are competent to ensure that the system is functioning effectively. On the same note, installation of the system is costly with the cost ranging from the acquisition of the software and h ardware. Packaging Packaging is critical component of the logistics and operations management. This is because this component involves determination how the product will be handled, the safety level or protection of the product, and satisfaction of customer specifications on products. This indicates that logistics and operations management has to allocate adequate resources on the packaging component in order to ensure that all the requirements of the packaging process are met in an effective manner. On the same note, there is a need of focusing on reduction of the packaging cost in order to ensure that the organization does not incur additional costs in running of its business activities. This may be done in recycling of the packaging materials for various products. Packaging is highly influenced by the type of material, as well as the storage means of the material. This is because fragile products would call for different packaging procedures and methods in comparison to non-fragile products. Further, the state of a material (solid, liquid, or gas) also influences the packaging, which has to be adopted. In addition, some products may demand repackaging. As such, logistics and operations management has to focus on ensuring that the packaging method or means, which is adopted for the various materials and products, is effective and efficient in order to meet the desire of the customers and enable effective material handling and protection. ICT system The proposed ICT system for this component is the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). This technology uses receivers and transmitters in form of RFID tags (Bonsor 2006). These tags aid in communication information from transmitter to receiver ends. Benefits and challenges of the system This technology has benefits in that it easier to install and the security level of the product is very high. Further, the technology reduces the running cost of an organization since the reader does not need to have sight lines since communication is via radio waves. Unfortunately, the technology has a limitation in that is complex to read information in areas or cases where the RFID tags are in metal surfaces and liquid products. This is because metal surfaces and liquid products tend to reflect radio waves. As such, it is difficult to read the tags. Another limitation is that the installation cost for this technology is high, which may contribute towards increasing the capital cost for the organization. Finally, poor read rate may lead to attain of negative results from the use of this technology, which may impact the success and performance of the logistics and operations management of an organization. Transportation Transportation is one of the essential components of logistics and operations management, which enhances effective movement of goods and materials from one location to another. This component adds to time delivery of materials and components from suppliers and to customers. Transportation has to be effective and efficient in order to ensure that loss of products and materials does not occur through breakages or spillages. However, the adopted means of transport has to be cost effective and ensure time delivery of materials and products. This includes the provision of ambience environment for the materials and improvement on the speed of transportation. During the selection of the transportation means, there is a need to consider the urgency of the products to be transported, cost of transportation, and cost of the product. These are the essential considerations in the transportation of goods and products from one location to another location. Actually, without a transportation component the logistics and operations management cannot achieve its objectives in running the affairs of an organization. ICT system The most suitable ICT system for this component is cross docking. This technology involves the coordination of the movement of goods in warehouse; that is, movement in both supply and delivery instances. The system enables direct movement of goods without storage of the goods, which aids in improving cost saving and reduction of inventories (Janvier-James 2012). Computerized record of received goods aids in determining the goods to be supplied directly without storage. Benefits and challenges of the system Cross docking technology uses computerized systems, which determine the supply and link such supplies to delivery demands. This aids in direct movement of supply to delivery without the need for storage. Consequently, material handling inventory cost is reduced significantly. Further, product obsolescence and damages are reduced since focus is shifted from supply chain to that of the demand chain. Unfortunately, cross docking has a limitation in that it demands application of strong IT resources and use of real-time information sharing equipment, which includes bar codes on cartons. These may be limiting to an organization due to lack of accessibility to the same and addition of acquisition costs for the technology. Warehousing Warehousing is an integral component of the logistics and operations management. This is because this component determines the ability of an organization to store its materials for immediate use, as well as future use. As such, the warehousing facility, which is adopted by an organization, has to ensure higher safety of the products. This includes maintaining the quality of products. This is because failure of the warehouse to protect products makes it complex for the logistics and operations management to achieve the desired goals and objectives. Warehousing demands consideration of various factors, which include the location of the warehouse, packaging and repackaging facilities, space for loading and offloading, material handling facilities and an effective inventory level. These contribute towards improving the performance of the warehouse and ensuring that material storage occurs in an effective manner. On the same note, material storage requirements differ to some extent (Dolgui, Proth 2010). Therefore, there is a need for integration of various material requirements in the design process of the warehouse. This will ensure that the warehouse has the capacity to store all materials safely and enhance products shelf life. ICT system For warehousing component, third party logistics is the suitable ICT system. This technology involves outsourcing of distribution and logistics service firm to service provider of logistics services, so that the service firm focuses more on new product development and manufacturing, as well as marketing (Chan et al. 2006). Benefits and challenges of the system Benefits of this technology is that the organization is able to lower its costs, expand on its market segments, have an increased flexibility, the management of its inventory is improved, and resource constraints do not hamper the organization from attaining its desired goals and objectives. However, the technology has a limitation in that it needs establishment of an effective infrastructure, which will enable efficient and reliable collaboration among the two firms engaged. Customer Service Finally, logistics and operations management has to have an effective and efficient customer service. Customer service is integral in creating the relationship of organization customers and management team. This component has to ensure that it provides quality services to clients, so that satisfaction level of customers improves and customers develop an urge of organization products. This contributes in improving the overall performance of the organization. As such, service centre for the logistics and operation management has to located in a place, which is accessible to all customers such the customers can access quality service and the cost of providing such services to customers is minimal. ICT system The most suitable technology for this component is the Customer Relationship Management (CRM). CRM is a software, which adopted by managers and individuals involved in the sales process, so that it becomes easier for them to manage the sales process (Toni et al. 1994). Benefits and challenges of the system CRM is a software, which enhances attainment of efficiency and quality in provision of customer services. This contributes towards improving the satisfaction level of customers and increasing the sales output of an organization. This includes provision of better customer services and simplified targeting and marketing of the organization products. Moreover, the profitability level of an organization increases as the costs decrease (Storey et al. 2006). Unfortunately, CRM has a limitation in that it provides considerable challenges to users in terms of development, implementation, and support of the running process. This may lead to attainment of a big loss to an organization. This indicates that†¦

The Implementation Phase Of The Project - 934 Words

Implementation The implementation phase of the project includes Lewin’s second stage, Moving. Yonder-Wise (2015) states that the arranged and strategic interventions and strategies are implemented to support the execution of the change ( p. 308). This second segment is compared to Lippitt, Watson, and Westley steps four, five, and six. These phases include selecting the change objective, deciding the appropriate roles for the change agent, as well as preserving the change (Mitchell, 2013). This nurse made the appropriate arrangements needed with the office manager to print the educational tools for the nurses. The ink and paper used was provided by funds from the education department. Theses were then added to a folder at both of†¦show more content†¦Each nurse on staff verbalized that their confidence level increased post employee training. Many also commented on the new tool implemented in regards to the ease of use and helpfulness. The long-term goal of noting a lower BMI for the client and the client or guardian verbalizing a positive increase in moods emotionally and socially, was not as successful as the short-term goal. This was related to the amount of clients whom did not return to the office for weight checks as well as incompliancy in return calls from the families. The long –term goal may be better met in the future as this project of change continues within the office. Making revisions in the plan for a more accurate and successful way of tracking patient progress would enhance this system. This level of success will be measured by observation and surveys of the patient and the family upon returning or calling the clinic. Plans for Stabilization The final stage of implementing a change process according to Lewins, is refreezing. During this stage the change is continued and supported within the specific environment. 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All the presidents men AP Government paper Essay Example For Students

All the presidents men AP Government paper Essay All the Presidents MenAll the presidents men begins on June 17 1972 when five burglars broke into the Democratic National headquarters, which was located at the Watergate Hotel. Most of the Newspapers disregarded the story as just another break in but Two reporters for the Washington post stuck with the story till the End. The two reporters named Carl Bernstien and Bob Woodward realized that this break in was some how involved in the up coming election but they did not know how. Their first move was to follow where the money for the break in came from. The Money led them to find a safe full of money that was to go to the Re-election of President Nixon. This Money came From the Committee to re-elect the president or CRP for sort. Woodward and Bernstien found out that CRP was performing illegal activities to re-elect the president and high white house officials were involved in the planning of there activities. Woodward and Bernstein talked to Hugh Sloan. Hugh Sloan had control over th e money in the safe at CRP. Woodward and Bernstien found Sloan by tracing a check that one of the buglers had in their possession. Sloan told them that Five High-ranking officials in the White House had control over the money in the safe but he would not give names. He also told them that the money went to political sabotage. Woodward and Bernstein next move was to interview CRP sectaries and find out whatever Information they could on the officials at CRP. One Secretary mentioned the Name of Donald Segretti. She said there were many Checks written out to Segretti. So their next goal was to contact Segretti and figure out how he got the money and where he spent it. Woodward and Bernstien could not get a hold of Segretti very easily but when they did they found a wealth of information on CRP. Segretti told Woodward and Bernstien that CRP paid him to hire men to sabotage the McGovern Campaign. He told them some of the Tactics CRP would use was the Handing out of Campaign literature written by CRP that made the Democrats look like racists. CRP would also give Democrat supporters wrong information about Rallys for the Democratic nominee and order pizzas and liquor to democratic campaign rallies. Woodward and Bernstien would later find there had been political sabotage tracing back to JFK. Woodward and Bernstein were then contacted by a reliable source named Deep Throat. Deep Throat gave them information on who had control of the money in Sloans safe. He pointed them to two high ranking official that were thought to be the masterminds of the break in and of other CRP actions of political sabotage. Their names were Bob Hadleman and John Ehrlichman. Deep throat also said the attorney general John Mitchell was also some how involved. As Woodward and Bernstien were having there articles published about Watergate the White House was denying any involvement in the Watergate break in and denying the CRP safe which held money that went to political sabotage. The White House also claimed that the post was only publishing storys that helped Democrats and never published stories about political sabotage on the republican campaign. They also claimed the post was sabotaging the republican campaign by writing these stories. An investigation into Watergate was starting and in the beginning Woodward and Bernstien had their doubts that the whole truth would not be revealed. They were right the investigation was a joke. None of the names in one of the burglars phone book were check. No leads followed up and many questions were left unanswered by the FBIs investigation. That is when Woodward and Bernstein began meeting with Deep throat again and continuing to write articles about White House involvement in Watergate. The 1972 approached and ended with Richard Nixon the victor with one of the biggest political landslides in US History. It showed that the posts articles about the Break in at the Watergate and supposed government involvement didnt have any impact on the republican campaign. Woodward and Bernstien were questioning themselves if they should continue writing these articles after the president became re-elected. .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 , .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .postImageUrl , .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 , .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:hover , .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:visited , .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:active { border:0!important; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:active , .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6 .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc27fad0545f2a6ca07c4741dae4d8af6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Rheumatoid Arthritis Essay PaperIn May of 1973 it was announced that senate grand jury investigations would take place to investigate any cover up of the Watergate investigation and it was to begin of the 18th . It was then Woodward and Bernstien contacted Deep throat and Asked how high up Watergate was and how this would affect the nation. Their worst fears would come true when they got their answer from deep throat. Deep throat said the cover up of government involvement went all the way up to the top of the FBI and to the Top of the White House and he said the whole truth would come out in the investigations. The senate investigation called on John Dean. He told Waterga te investigators that he discussed the Watergate cover-up with President Nixon and his top official John Ehrlichman and Bob Hadleman at least 35 times. The senate investigators also found a memo discussing other break ins and wire taps of news personalities and other people in the government who were talking to the news reporters. When the senate investigators called Alexander Butterfield a former presidential appointment secretary he revealed president Nixon recorded everything that went on at the White House. Soon after these revelations came out Bob Hadleman and John Ehrlichman resign. After that President Nixon goes on national T.V and professes he is not a crook. The book ends with Nixon Giving his annual state of the Union address and he says that one year of Watergate is enough and urges the nation to go on to other more urgent matters. Woodward and Bernstien then quote Nixon saying, I want you all to know that I have no intention whatever of ever walking away from the job the American people elected me to do for the people of the United States. All the presidents men takes place during the time period of the 1970s. During this time the U.S. was involved in the Vietnam War. In America at the time there were many Anti-war protests and formations of groups like the New Left. In 1970 the draft was replaced by the lottery and many young collage students were angry with the U.S. Government because they would not back out of Vietnam. The condition of the American Economy during this time was Horrible. The U.S. economy was in a recession and unemployment rates were going up. For the first time in almost one hundred years the U.S. was faced by an unfavorable balance of trade. Also during this time president Nixon called for cuts in welfare and education. On top of all this the U.S. was going through a gas crisis due to cut backs in OPEC. The recession hit all over the U.s. hitting its peek with the Auto industry. In the early 1970s President Nixon visited Russia. He was the first U.S. president to visit Russia since it became communist. While in Russia president Nixon signed the Salt I treaty, which showed a cooling down of tensions between the U.S. and Russia. Another big change during this time was the replacing of Taiwan in the U.S. with communist china. . Also during this time the U.S. continued to support Israel even though this annoyed the OPEC nations and was causing a big crisis on the U.S. home front. The American culture was portrayed very well in this novel. It shows how everyone in the U.S. trusted and supported theyre elected officials and very rarely doubted them. It also portrays how political figures can get away with sabotaging a national election and get any with it without having criminal charges filed against them. The novel also portrays how people can lie to the American people and get away with it. It also portrays the American political culture as willing to do anything to win. It also shows political figures dedication to the president by doing anything to protect his reputation even going as far as to take the blame for a crime they had nothing to do with. Woodward and Bernstien accurately portray American culture at the height of the Watergate scandal.